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目的探讨运动习惯对北京城区老年人生活质量的影响。方法采用SF-36量表评价3894名北京城区老年人的生活质量,同时根据运动习惯不同将老年人分为规律运动组(1350例)、有时运动组(1410例)、偶尔或不运动组(1134例)。采用广义线性模型分析不同运动习惯对老年人生活质量的影响。结果单因素分析显示年龄(χ2=27.346)、文化程度(χ2=33.272)、既往职业性质(χ2=35.015)、体质量指数(χ2=14.642)与运动习惯间差异有统计学意义,均P<0.05。广义线性模型分析可见规律运动组老年人在生活质量量表的8个方面(PF、RP、BP、GH、VT、SF、RE、MH)、2个领域(PCS、MCS)的得分,SF-36总分均高于偶尔或不运动组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。有时运动组老年人在RP、BP、RE方面得分与偶尔或不运动组无差异,其余5个方面、2个领域和SF-36总分高于偶尔或不运动组(均P<0.05)。结论规律性的运动习惯对老年人的生活质量有正向促进作用。
Objective To explore the impact of exercise habits on the quality of life of the elderly in Beijing urban area. Methods The quality of life of 3894 elderly people in Beijing urban area was evaluated by SF-36 scale. The elderly were divided into regular exercise group (1350 cases), exercise group (1410 cases) and occasional or no exercise group 1134 cases). The generalized linear model was used to analyze the effect of different exercise habits on the quality of life of the elderly. Results Univariate analysis showed that age (χ2 = 27.346), education level (χ2 = 33.272), past occupational nature (χ2 = 35.015), body mass index (χ2 = 14.642) and exercise habit were significantly different 0.05. Generalized linear model analysis showed that the regular exercise group had significantly higher scores on eight aspects of the quality of life scale (PF, RP, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE, MH) 36 scores were higher than those of occasional or non-exercise group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). In the other 5 aspects, the score of SF-36 in two fields and SF-36 was higher than that of the occasional or non-exercising group (all P <0.05). Conclusion Regular exercise habits have a positive effect on the quality of life of the elderly.