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陕西省2市3县0～14岁儿童癫痫流行学调查中检出癫痛患儿33例,患病率2.8‰,对其智力和人格进行评价,确诊为智力低下者9例,占癫痫患儿的27.3％。根据病史8例于发病前即有明显的智能发育障碍,其中7例有脑组织损害史,故癫痫患儿智力低下的发生主要与引起癫痫发作的原发病有关。本组仅1例智力发育障碍发生于癫痫发病后,其为强直一阵挛性发作,每日发作2～3次。因此,频繁的惊厥发作与智力低下的形成可能有一定关系。癫痫有智力低下者似与下列因素有关:3岁前发病、小运动型发作、限局性发作继发性泛化、发作频率每月1次以上及产前因素等。个性测验表明癫痫患儿性格趋于内向,存在心理变态倾向,这可能与癫痫的精神效应有关。因此,鼓励患儿和家属正确对待疾病,坚持合理抗癫痫治疗,促使其精神活动和情绪反应正常发育,以利疾病康复。
Shaanxi Province, 2 cities and 3 counties 0 to 14-year-old children with epilepsy epidemic survey found 33 cases of epileptic children, the prevalence of 2.8 ‰, their intelligence and personality were evaluated, diagnosed as mental retardation in 9 cases, accounting for epilepsy 27.3% of children. According to the history of 8 cases before the onset of significant mental retardation, of which 7 cases of history of brain damage, so the occurrence of mental retardation in children with epilepsy is mainly caused by the primary disease associated with seizures. Only one case of this group of mental retardation occurred in the incidence of epilepsy, which is tonic of clonic seizures, 2 to 3 episodes per day. Therefore, frequent seizures and mental retardation may have a certain relationship. Epilepsy with mental retardation may be related to the following factors: onset of 3 years of age, small exercise-induced seizures, secondary seizures secondary to generalized seizures frequency of more than 1 per month and prenatal factors. Personality test showed that children with epilepsy tend to introverted, there is a tendency to psychological abnormalities, which may be related to the mental effects of epilepsy. Therefore, to encourage children and their families to correctly treat the disease, adhere to the rational anti-epilepsy treatment, prompting its mental activity and emotional response to the normal development in order to facilitate the rehabilitation of the disease.