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北极地区油气资源丰富,是未来油气勘探开发的重点区域,对北极含油气盆地地质条件的研究以及资源评价有着战略意义。基于北极含油气盆地构造演化、沉积特征的分析,开展了含油气盆地资源量统计和地质条件评价。研究表明:大部分含油气盆地沉积地层较厚,沉积序列较完整,圈闭类型主要为构造圈闭。已发现资源量和待发现资源量巨大且分布范围比较集中,待发现油气多集中于海上地区,尤其是广泛分布的大陆架上。对7个含油气盆地进行综合分析,结果显示:古生界以浅海碳酸盐岩、陆源泥页岩为主;中新生界以陆源碎屑岩为主,发育泥岩、页岩、煤层优质烃源岩和砂岩储层,均能形成良好的生储盖组合。盆地烃源岩主要为泥页岩,有机质类型主要为Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型,TOC含量变化范围大,为1%~10%,且R_O值主要分布于0.8%~2.5%之间;储层主要为中生界砂岩,孔隙度多数在8%~30%之间,渗透率在数百—数千毫达西;盖层主要为中新生界泥页岩。不同盆地由于其构造演化、沉积序列、地理位置各异,具有其独特的生—储—盖条件和资源潜力。盆地古生界烃源岩潜力巨大,而且碳酸盐岩经过长期暴露风化可能形成规模缝洞型储层,自生自储、新生古储资源类型潜力巨大。
The Arctic region is rich in oil and gas resources and is the key area for future exploration and development of oil and gas resources. It is of strategic significance to study the geological conditions of Arctic petroliferous basins and to evaluate resources. Based on the analysis of tectonic evolution and sedimentary characteristics of the Arctic petroliferous basins, resource statistics and geological conditions evaluation of the petroliferous basins are carried out. The results show that most of the petroliferous basins have thick sedimentary strata and complete sedimentary sequences, and the trap types are mainly structural traps. It has been found that the amount of resources and the resources to be discovered are huge and the distribution areas are relatively concentrated. Until the discovery of oil and gas, most of the oil and gas are concentrated in the offshore areas, especially in the widely distributed continental shelf. Based on the comprehensive analysis of seven petroliferous basins, the results show that Paleozoic is dominated by shallow sea carbonate and terrigenous shale; Mesozoic-Cenozoic dominated by terrigenous clastic rocks, developing mudstone, shale, high quality hydrocarbon Source rock and sandstone reservoirs, can form a good combination of reservoir and cover. The source rocks of the basin are mainly shale. The organic matter types are mainly Type II and Type III. The TOC content ranges from 1% to 10%, and the R_O values are mainly distributed between 0.8% and 2.5%. The main reservoir For the Mesozoic sandstone, the porosity of most of the 8% to 30%, permeability in the hundreds to thousands of millidarcy; cap rock mainly for the Mesozoic. Because of their tectonic evolution, sedimentary sequence and geographical location, different basins have their own unique conditions of reservoir-cap and resource potential. The potential of the Paleozoic source rocks in the basin is huge, and the carbonate rocks may form fractured-cave reservoirs after long-term exposure and weathering.