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1从1960年初到1980年左右,南非共和国实施了一种世界上最全面的书籍审查制度。官方不叫“书籍审查制度”而叫“出版控制”(书籍审查制度是官方在公共话语中避讳的一个词),它试图控制各种各样的传播迹象。不仅书籍、杂志、电影和戏剧,而且 T恤、钥匙圈、玩具娃娃、玩具以及商店招牌——凡含有可能“不受欢迎”之信息的一切东西——在出版公开之前,都必须通过审查官僚的仔细而彻底的审查。在前苏联,曾有大约七万官员监视着近七千作家的写作。而
1 From the beginning of 1960 until about 1980, the Republic of South Africa implemented one of the most comprehensive book review systems in the world. The government does not call “the censorship of books” but “publication control” (the censorship of books is an official taboo word in public discourse) that seeks to control a wide range of signs of transmission. Not only books, magazines, movies and plays, but also T-shirts, keyrings, dolls, toys, and shop signs - everything that contains information that may be “unpopular” - must be reviewed by bureaucrats Careful and thorough review. In the former Soviet Union, about 70,000 officials watched the writing of nearly 7,000 writers. and