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一、引言超导现象早在1911年就发现了,只有到1956年才由巴丁等提出了微观超导理论(即BCS 理论)。利用金兹伯格-兰道的唯象理论可以说明超导的许多基本概念。例如超导体内的能量变化,有序参量的相位调制、长程序效应、临界电流密度的大小、磁力线进入超导体表面的透入深度和超导环的磁通量子化等。利
I. INTRODUCTION As early as 1911, the phenomenon of superconductivity was discovered. It was only in 1956 that the theory of microscopic superconductivity (ie, BCS theory) was proposed by Budinger et al. The use of Kingz-Landau’s phenomenal theory can illustrate many of the basic concepts of superconductivity. Such as the change of energy in the superconductor, the phase modulation of the order parameter, the long program effect, the magnitude of the critical current density, the penetration depth of the magnetic flux into the surface of the superconductor and the flux fluxization of the superconducting ring. Lee