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[目的]了解医药院校大学生的心理健康状况,探讨大学生心理健康的危险因素并提出相关建议。[方法]采用整群抽样方法,调查广州市某医药大学生1054人,运用SCL-90症状自评量表和自拟问卷对大学生心理健康状况及相关因素进行调查。分析大学生心理健康状况及心理问题检出率,并采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析其心理健康的危险因素。[结果]医药大学生主要心理问题有强迫症状、抑郁、人际关系敏感,轻度及以上心理症状阳性率为46.4%,中度以上心理症状阳性率为10.2%;大学生SCL-90总分及各因子得分的性别差异无统计学意义,但年级间差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);与全国常模比较,被调查大学生除躯体化、人际关系化敏感、抑郁因子外,其他SCL-90各因子得分均高于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。与全国大学生常模比较,被调查大学生SCL-90各因子得分均低于全国大学生常模,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);大学生心理不健康的危险因素有家庭贫困、人际关系不好和个人成就感压力(OR值分别为1.69、1.09、1.49)。[结论]广州市医药大学生心理健康状况不容乐观,应引起学校相关部门重视,针对心理健康出现的问题及其危险因素采取相应的措施进行防制。
[Objective] To understand the mental health status of undergraduates in medical colleges and universities, explore the risk factors of mental health among college students and make relevant suggestions. [Methods] A total of 1054 college students from a medical college in Guangzhou were investigated by cluster sampling method. The mental health of college students and related factors were investigated by SCL-90 symptom checklist and self-questionnaire. Analysis of college students mental health status and the detection rate of psychological problems, and using multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis of their mental health risk factors. [Results] The main psychological problems of medical college students were obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and interpersonal relationship. The positive rate of mild and above psychological symptoms was 46.4% and the positive rate of psychological symptoms was 10.2%. The total score of SCL-90 and its factors There was no significant difference in sex between the scores, but there was a significant difference between the grades (P <0.05). Compared with the national norm, all the SCL-90s except the somatization, interpersonal sensitivity and depression factors Factor scores were higher than the national norm, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with the normal college students in China, SCL-90 scores of undergraduates were lower than that of national college students, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); the unhealthy risk factors of college students were family poverty, poor interpersonal relationship Personal feeling of accomplishment pressure (OR values were 1.69,1.09,1.49 respectively). [Conclusion] The mental health status of medical students in Guangzhou City is not optimistic, which should be paid more attention by the relevant departments of the school. The prevention and control measures should be taken according to the problems of psychological health and their risk factors.