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为探讨农林复合系统对红壤丘陵区侵蚀坡地土壤微生物特性的影响,对比分析了农-林-草型、水保农-林型、常规农-林型、纯林型4种农林复合系统和裸露荒坡地0~20 cm、20~40 cm土壤酶活性和主要微生物类群特性的差异。结果表明,原侵蚀裸露荒坡地建立农林复合系统后能够提高土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性,特别是农-林和纯林系统能显著提高土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶活性,但农-林-草系统降低了脲酶活性。总体上农林复合系统土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量明显高于裸露荒坡地,以水保农-林系统的土壤微生物类群数量最高。侵蚀环境下的红壤丘陵区坡地营造农林复合系统后可在一定程度上增加土壤酶活性和微生类群数量,但受草类与农作物和果木林之间竞争等的影响,农-林-草系统对提升土壤微生物学活性的作用不显著。研究结果为该地区农林复合系统的构建、土壤肥力的高效利用以及实现坡地生态农业提供理论依据。
In order to investigate the impact of agroforestry system on soil microbial characteristics in the eroded sloping land in hilly red soil region, four agroforestry systems including nursery-forest-grassland, water-agroecosystem-agroforestry, conventional agroforestry-forest and pure forest were comparatively analyzed The differences of soil enzyme activities and major microbial taxa at 0 ~ 20 cm and 20 ~ 40 cm on the barren land. The results showed that the activities of soil invertase, urease and acid phosphatase could be increased after establishment of the agroforestry system in the formerly eroded bare barren land, especially the agroforestry system and the pure forest system could significantly improve the activity of soil sucrase and urease, Grass system reduces urease activity. In general, the number of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the agroforestry system was significantly higher than that in the bare agroforestry areas, and the soil microbial communities under the water-conservation-forest system were the highest. The soil enzyme activity and the number of microbial groups can be increased to a certain extent by creating agroforestry systems on the sloping land in red soil hilly region under the erosion environment. However, due to the competition between grass and crops and fruit trees, the agroforestry system The effect of improving soil microbial activity was not significant. The results provide theoretical basis for the construction of agroforestry system, efficient use of soil fertility and ecological agriculture in slopeland.