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用4个软质胚乳和4个硬质(或半硬质)胚乳的高赖氨酸玉米自交系,进行8×8完全双列杂交试验,分析了后代籽粒品质性状的遗传表现和配合力。软质胚乳亲本和硬质胚乳亲本杂交时,当代F_1籽粒的胚乳硬质度表现出显著的正反交差异,以硬质亲本作母本时F_1籽粒硬质度较高,但F_2籽粒的硬质度无显著的正反交差异。硬×硬类型杂交后代的籽粒硬质度和赖氨酸含量均显著低于中亲值。在保持赖氨酸含量不致下降而又使籽粒具有一定硬质度的情况下,用软质和硬质亲本相杂交或选用半硬质亲本进行杂交将是一个比较可行的方法。品质性状的一般配合力远比特殊配合力重要。除百粒体积的反交效应均方达显著外,其它性状的反交效应均方都不显著。硬质度和脂肪含量的遗传力较高,赖氨酸和蛋白质含量的遗传力居于中等。
The 8 × 8 complete diallel cross test was conducted with 4 high-lysine inbred lines with soft endosperm and 4 hard (or semi-hard) endosperm, and the genetic performance and combining ability of grain quality traits were analyzed . When the soft endosperm parents and the hard endosperm parents were crossed, the endosperm stiffness of contemporary F_1 seeds showed significant reciprocal reciprocal crosses. When the hard parent was used as the female parent, the hardness of F_1 seeds was higher, but the hardness of F_2 seeds There is no significant difference between the pros and cons of quality. Hardness and lysine content of hard × hard type hybrids were significantly lower than those of the middle parents. In the case of maintaining the lysine content does not decline and the grain has a certain hardness, the use of soft and hard parental hybridization or selection of semi-hard parent hybridization will be a more feasible method. The general combining ability of quality traits is more important than the special combining ability. In addition to 100-volume anti-cross-effect square was significant, the other characteristics of the anti-cross-effect are not significant square. Hardness and fat content of heritability higher lysine and protein content of heritability living in the medium.