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目的探讨风湿免疫性疾病患者医院感染的危险因素,以有效降低患者医院感染率,减轻患者病痛,促进患者早日康复。方法回顾性分析2011年2月-2014年2月医院风湿免疫科收治的173例风湿免疫疾病患者临床资料,调查发生医院感染部位、病原菌及其相关危险因素。结果 173例患者中发生医院感染25例,感染率为14.5%;医院感染部位主要为上呼吸道、下呼吸道、泌尿道,分别占40.0%、16.0%、12.0%;感染病原菌主要为鲍氏不动杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌,分别占28.0%和24.0%;危险因素主要为免疫抑制剂应用,占60.0%,其次为营养不良及静脉置管,分别占12.0%;糖尿病、引流管、肝硬化所占比例较小,分别为8.0%、4.0%、4.0%。结论医院应深入分析风湿免疫疾病患者医院感染危险因素,并采取有效措施控制医院感染的发生。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with rheumatic autoimmune diseases so as to effectively reduce the nosocomial infection rate, alleviate the pain and promote the early recovery of patients. Methods The clinical data of 173 patients with rheumatic autoimmune diseases admitted to the department of rheumatology from February 2011 to February 2014 were retrospectively analyzed to investigate the nosocomial infection sites, pathogens and their associated risk factors. Results Totally, nosocomial infections occurred in 173 cases and the infection rate was 14.5%. The main infection sites were upper respiratory tract, lower respiratory tract and urinary tract, accounting for 40.0%, 16.0% and 12.0% respectively. The main pathogen of infection was Bowman’s Bacilli and Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 28.0% and 24.0% respectively. The main risk factors were immunosuppressant application, accounting for 60.0%, followed by malnutrition and venous catheterization, accounting for 12.0%, diabetes, drainage tube and cirrhosis Accounting for a small proportion of 8.0%, 4.0% and 4.0% respectively. Conclusion The hospital should conduct in-depth analysis of risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with rheumatic autoimmune diseases and take effective measures to control the occurrence of nosocomial infections.