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目的通过回顾性分析某三甲医院2013年-2016年出院患者的疾病谱及其变化趋势,进一步了解疾病谱变化规律,为医院管理、决策、专科建设等提供科学参考依据。方法收集某三甲医院2013年-2016年出院患者病案首页资料,对其主要诊断按国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10)进行编码分类,对疾病构成居前50位病种进行统计分析,该院2013年-2016年出院患者总数258 016人次。结果疾病顺位前10位(超过前50位的50%)分别是其它医疗照顾(主要为肿瘤患者的化疗等)、呼吸系统疾病(主要为未特指的支气管肺炎)、循环系统疾病(慢性缺血性心脏病)、慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重、脑梗塞、非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病、心绞痛、肝胆系统结石、痔、乳腺良性肿瘤、慢性肾病或者腰椎间盘疾患。结论前50位的总构成比之和占所有疾病的50%,表明此为医院收治患者最主要的疾病,医院应加强对这些疾病的关注,合理配备卫生资源。
Objective To further understand the change rule of disease spectrum by retrospectively analyzing the disease spectrum and its changing trend of discharged patients in a top three hospital from 2013 to 2016 and provide scientific reference for hospital management, decision-making and specialist construction. Methods The data of the first case of discharged patients in a top three hospital from 2013 to 2016 were collected and their main diagnosis was classified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). The top 50 diseases of the disease were statistically analyzed. The hospital 2013 Year - Total number of discharged patients in 2016 was 258 016. Results The top 10 (more than 50% of the top 50) were other medical care (mainly chemotherapy for cancer patients, etc.), respiratory diseases (mainly unspecified bronchopneumonia), circulatory diseases (chronic Ischemic heart disease), acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebral infarction, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, angina pectoris, hepatobiliary calculi, hemorrhoid, benign breast tumor, chronic kidney disease or lumbar disc disease. Conclusion The sum of the proportions of the top 50 patients accounts for 50% of all diseases, indicating that this is the most important disease in patients admitted to hospitals. The hospital should pay more attention to these diseases and rationally allocate health resources.