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目的研究分析中国农村贫困地区育龄妇女的食品安全知识、态度和行为现状,探讨影响农村育龄妇女的食品安全知识、态度和行为的因素,为改善农村育龄妇女食品安全现状提供参考依据。方法通过随机分层整群抽样的方法,从贵州正安县、陕西镇安县和云南武定县的农村育龄妇女中随机调查1 813人,通过自制的调查问卷调查食品安全知识、态度和行为状况,应用多元线性回归分析对育龄妇女的食品安全知识、态度、行为的影响因素进行分析。结果食品安全知识得分平均分最低为18.02分,食品安全态度得分平均分为17.86分,食品安全行为得分平均分最高为19.00分。农村育龄妇女食品安全行为水平与学历、知识、态度等因素有关,态度对行为的促进作用最大,知识对行为的促进作用其次,学历对行为的促进作用最小,即对待食品安全态度越积极,食品安全知识掌握情况越好,学历越高,食品安全行为越正确。结论妇女食品安全知识部分欠缺,但是态度积极,急需加强食品安全宣传教育以改善行为。
Objective To study and analyze the current situation of food safety knowledge, attitude and behavior among the women of childbearing age in rural areas in China, and to explore the factors affecting the knowledge, attitude and behavior of food safety among women of childbearing age in rural areas and to provide reference for improving the food safety status of rural women of childbearing age. Methods A total of 1813 rural women of childbearing age from Zheng’an County in Guizhou Province, Zhen’an County in Shaanxi Province and Wuding County in Yunnan Province were randomized by random stratified cluster sampling method to investigate food safety knowledge, attitude and behavior through self-made questionnaires. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of food safety knowledge, attitude and behavior among women of childbearing age. Results The lowest average score of food safety knowledge score was 18.02 points, the average score of food safety attitude was 17.86 points, and the highest average score of food safety behaviors was 19.00 points. The level of food safety behaviors among rural women of childbearing age is related to academic qualifications, knowledge, attitudes and other factors. Attitudes are the most important for promoting behaviors and promoting knowledge for behaviors. Secondly, the promotion effect of academic qualifications on behavior is the smallest. The more positive attitude toward food safety, The better the safety knowledge, the higher the education, the more correct the food safety behavior. Conclusion Women lack some knowledge about food safety, but they have a positive attitude and urgently need to strengthen food safety publicity and education to improve their behavior.