摘 要 目的:通過对上海市嘉定工业区社区卫生服务中心和上海市嘉定区嘉定镇街道社区卫生服务中心老年护理病房住院患者的焦虑抑郁状况进行调查分析,研究封闭式管理前、管理后老年护理病房住院患者的心理状况变化。方法:选取2019年1月1日至2020年12月31日期间入住上海市嘉定工业区社区卫生服务中心和上海市嘉定区嘉定镇街道社区卫生服务中心老年护理病房的156名患者进行焦虑抑郁状况调查,共发放广泛性焦虑量表312份,有效回收率100.0%,共发放简版老年抑郁量表312份,有效回收率100.0%。结果:老年护理病房住院患者2019年与2020年焦虑和抑郁发生率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),性别、年龄和是否罹患慢性基础性疾病是2019年和2020年住院患者焦虑和抑郁发生率的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:应关注老年住院患者的心理状态,采取诸如针对性心理疏导、增加卧床患者巡诊、敦促患者进行必要身体锻炼、增加家属与患者沟通频率等措施,缓解他们的焦虑抑郁情绪。
关键词 新型冠状病毒肺炎;老年护理病房;住院患者;焦虑抑郁
中图分类号:R749.1+6 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2021)16-0009-03
Investigation and analysis of anxiety and depression of inpatients in community geriatric care ward during COVID-19 epidemic
WANG Xiaogang1, ZHU Jing2, LI Kai3(1. Community Health Service Center of Industrial Zone of Jiading District, Shanghai 201815, China; 2. Nursing Department of Community Health Service Center of Industrial Zone of Jiading District, Shanghai 201815, China; 3. General Practice Department of Jiading Community Health Service Center of Jiading District, Shanghai 201899, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: Through investigating and analyzing the anxiety and depression status of inpatients in Geriatric Care Wards of Community Health Service Center of Industrial Zone, Jiading District and Jiading Community Health Service Center of Jiading District, Shanghai, to study the psychological changes of inpatients in geriatric care wards before and after closed management. Methods: From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020, 156 patients admitted to the Geriatric Care Ward of Community Health Service Center of Industrial Zone and Jiading Community Health Service Center of Jiading District, Shanghai were selected to investigate for anxiety and depression, a total of 312 generalized anxiety disorder scale were distributed, and the effective recovery rate was 100.0%, 312 simple version of geriatric depression scale were distributed, and the effective recovery rate was 100.0%. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of anxiety and depression among inpatients in the geriatric care ward in 2019 and 2020(P<0.05). Gender, age and chronic underlying diseases were the influencing factors for the incidence of anxiety and depression in inpatients in 2019 and 2020(P<0.05). Conclusion: Attention should be paid to the psychological state of elderly inpatients to take the measures such as targeted psychological counseling, increasing visits for bedridden patients, urging patients to take necessary physical exercise, and increasing the frequency of communication between family members and patients and so on to relieve their anxiety and depression.
KEY WORDS COVID-19; geriatric care ward; inpatient; anxiety and depression
自新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎)疫情发生以来,全球感染人数持续上升。老年人群的免疫功能较差,感染新冠肺炎后的死亡率高于其他年龄人群[1-2]。《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第八版)》[3]显示,大于65岁以上的老年人为重型/危重型高危人群,老年护理病房作为老年患者的集中收治区域,新冠肺炎的防控工作显得尤为重要。《关于印发应对秋冬季新冠肺炎疫情医疗救治工作方案的通知》[4]中明确指出,应严格执行患者探视和陪护制度,取消非必要的现场探视和陪护,同时强化病区24 h门禁管理,患者住院期间原则上不得离开病房。
老年护理病房的患者住院时间长,通常罹患1种及以上的慢性基础性疾病,并具有生活照护、医疗护理和心理精神慰藉等多方面需求,长时间的封闭式管理可能对老年患者产生负性心理影响。本文通过对上海市嘉定工业区社区卫生服务中心(简称工业区中心)和上海市嘉定区嘉定镇街道社区卫生服务中心(简称嘉定镇中心)老年护理病房住院患者的焦虑抑郁状况进行调查分析,研究封闭式管理前、管理后老年护理病房住院患者的心理状况变化。
目的:探讨乳腺实性乳头状癌(solid papillary carcinoma,SPC)的超声表现,并与乳腺导管内乳头状瘤(intraductal papilloma of the breast,BIDP)进行鉴别诊断。方法:回顾并分析2015年1月—2020年3月在南京医科大学第一附属医院经手术后病理学检查证实的65例乳腺SPC及77例BIDP的临床表现、超声特点,并对两者进行鉴别诊断。结果:乳腺SPC与BIDP在年龄、病变类型、病变距乳头距离、肿块大小、回声均匀度、腋窝淋巴结有无转移、乳腺影像报告和数