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以4个圆葱品种为试材,研究比较了寒地直播栽培条件下各品种的生育期、植物学性状和经济效益,以期筛选出适宜牡丹江地区直播的品种。结果表明:4个品种直播栽培均能正常生长并成熟,达到商品性,但表现各异;“北星”的平均单果重(152.5g)、产量(58 652.2kg/hm2)、净收入(53 255.7元/hm2)最高,直播栽培较育苗栽培增收了7 093.9元/hm2;“北京引”的商品率低、耐储性差,收益尚可;“卡木依”商品率高、耐储性好,收益稍低;“长福”商品率最差。因此“北星”的商品性、产量、收益、耐储性等综合性状表现最好,是直播首选品种,“北京引”、“卡木依”可备选,“长福”不建议种植。
Four onion varieties were used as test materials to study the growth, botanic traits and economic benefits of each cultivars under direct seeding cultivation in winter in order to screen out the varieties suitable for direct seeding in Mudanjiang. The results showed that all four cultivars were able to grow and mature normally in direct seeding and reached the commercial value with different performance. The average single fruit weight (152.5g), yield (58 652.2kg / hm2), net income 53 255.7 yuan / hm2), the highest in direct seeding cultivation was 7 093.9 yuan / hm2 compared with seedling cultivation; the rate of commodity with “Beijing lead” was low, , Good storage resistance, lower returns; “Chang Fu ” the worst commodity rate. Therefore, “Northstar” has the best performance of comprehensive traits such as commerciality, yield, yield and storability, and is the preferred variety for direct broadcast, “Beijing lead”, “卡木 依” Fu "is not recommended for planting.