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目的探讨老年原发性高血压患者发生心力衰竭的危险因素。方法采用病例对照方法,120例老年原发性高血压且已发生心力衰竭患者为心力衰竭组,130例老年原发性高血压但未发生心力衰竭患者为非心力衰竭组,收集相关资料分析高危因素。结果 (1)住院老年原发性高血压患者发生心力衰竭的社会因素在性别构成比、年龄、职业、体重指数、吸烟史上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)住院老年原发性高血压患者发生心衰的临床因素在血脂、血糖、按时服药情况上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)多因素结果显示,男性、空腹血糖高、吸烟及LDL-C水平高是老年高血压患者发生并发心衰的高危因素(OR均>1,均P<0.05)。结论建议在老年高血压患者中除了推广血压控制之外,应该进行行为干预,控制吸烟人群比例、调整饮食结构来控制血糖、血脂,从而达到降低老年高血压患者发生心衰的概率。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of heart failure in elderly patients with essential hypertension. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 120 elderly patients with essential hypertension who had heart failure, and 130 elderly patients with essential hypertension who did not develop heart failure as non-heart failure patients. Data were collected to analyze the high risk factor. Results (1) The social factors of heart failure in hospitalized elderly patients with essential hypertension were statistically significant (P <0.05) in gender composition, age, occupational, body mass index and smoking history (2) (3) The results of multivariate analysis showed that male, fasting blood glucose, smoking and LDL-C were higher than those in control group (P0.05) High C level is a risk factor for heart failure in elderly hypertensive patients (OR> 1, all P <0.05). Conclusions In addition to the promotion of blood pressure control in elderly hypertensive patients, behavioral interventions should be conducted to control the proportion of smokers and to adjust the diet to control blood sugar and lipids so as to reduce the incidence of heart failure in elderly hypertensive patients.