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为检验钢的回火脆性常采用特殊的浸蚀剂。然而用光学显微镜观察浸蚀效应来区别延性和脆性状态,就其鉴别能力而言,未能导致普遍一致的结果。本文讨论了用高分辨率扫描电子显微镜观察这些浸蚀效应,结果表明,各种热处理条件可产生不同的浸蚀效应,而分辨能力较低的观察结果实际上是混乱的。与脆化状态相对应的浸蚀效应有特殊的“沟槽状”形态,且与“俄歇”和离子背散射的晶界分析相符,只有当合金元素和杂质在晶界同时偏析时才产生这种效应。这种浸蚀作用在结合不紧密的界面—原奥氏体晶界更加剧烈。对此进行了解释。
To test the temper brittleness of steel often use a special etchant. However, observing the etching effect with an optical microscope to distinguish between ductile and brittle states failed to result in generally consistent results in terms of their discriminatory power. This paper discusses the observation of these etching effects with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. The results show that different etching conditions result in different etching effects, whereas observations with less resolving power are actually chaotic. The etching effect corresponding to the embrittled state has a special “trench-like” morphology and is consistent with the grain boundary analysis of “Auger” and ion backscattering, and only when the alloying elements and impurities are at the grain boundaries Segregation only produce this effect. This etching effect in the combination of not close the interface - the original austenite grain boundaries more intense. This is explained.