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目的了解保山市聋哑学校乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)感染状况,为聋哑学校乙肝预防控制提供科学依据。方法对在校的90名师生采集静脉血,用ELISA方法检测HBV5项血清学指标。结果 90名调查对象中,聋哑学生68人,教师22人,均无乙肝疫苗免疫史,全校HBsAb阳性率仅为23.3%。HBsAg阳性聋哑学生4人,阳性率为5.9%;HBsAg阳性教师1人,阳性率为4.5%。聋哑学生及本校教师分别有83.8%、31.8%为乙肝易感人群。聋哑学生与同年龄自然人群、本市正常学生HBsAg阳性率相近(P>0.05),HBsAb阳性率及HBV感染率均低于本校教师及自然人群(P<0.05)。结论聋哑学生感染HBV机会较自然人群小,但是聋哑学生面临HBV感染的潜在威胁。
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in deaf and dumb school in Baoshan City, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hepatitis B in deaf and dumb school. Methods Venous blood was collected from 90 teachers and students in school and serological markers of HBV 5 were detected by ELISA. Results Among the 90 respondents, 68 were deaf-mute students and 22 were teachers. There was no history of hepatitis B vaccine immunization. The positive rate of HBsAb in school was only 23.3%. 4 HBsAg positive deaf students, the positive rate was 5.9%; 1 HBsAg positive teacher, the positive rate was 4.5%. Deaf-mute students and teachers in our school were 83.8% and 31.8% respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg in normal students was similar between deaf and dumb students and normal population in the same age group (P> 0.05). The positive rate of HBsAb and the rate of HBV infection were lower than those in normal school and normal population (P <0.05). Conclusion Deaf and dumb students have a lower chance of HBV infection than the normal population, but deaf and dumb students face the potential threat of HBV infection.