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During initial studies of ECRH in the HL-1M tokamak, non-standard central MHD activities,such as saturated sawtooth, partially saturated sawtooth, double sawtooth, and the strong m = 1 bursts have been observed while changing the heating location, the ECRH power, the plasma density. Complete suppression of sawtooth is achieved for the duration of the ECRH, when the heating power is applied on the high-field side of low-density plasma, and exceeds a threshold value of power. The m = 1 bursts riding on the ramp phase of sawtooth can only be excited when the ECRH location is near the q = 1 surface on the high field side. The conditions under which the various relaxation activities are produced or suppressed are described. Experimental results imply that the energetic electrons generated during ECRH are responsible for the modification/or stabilization/or excitation of the instability. Near the q = 1 surface, the passing electrons play the role of reducing the shear and tending to stabilize the sawtooth activity, while the barely-trapped electrons play the role of enhancing or driving an internal kink instability.
During initial studies of ECRH in the HL-1M tokamak, non-standard central MHD activities, such as saturated sawtooth, partially saturated sawtooth, double sawtooth, and strong m = 1 bursts have been observed while changing the heating location, the ECRH power , the plasma density. Complete suppression of sawtooth is achieved for the duration of the ECRH, when the heating power is applied on the high-field side of low-density plasma, and exceeds a threshold value of power. The m = 1 bursts riding on the ramp phase of sawtooth can only be be excited when the ECRH location is near the q = 1 surface on the high field side. during the ECRH are responsible for the modification / or stabilization / or excitation of the instability. Near the q = 1 surface, the passing electrons play the role of reducing the shear and tending to stabiliz e the sawtooth activity, while the barely-trapped electrons play the role of enhancing or driving an internal kink instability.