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目的了解长期接触低浓度苯及苯系物作业工人疾病谱的现状,以进行针对性预防保健工作。方法采用横断面调查方法对1 217例接触苯及苯系物作业工人和同地区751例不接触毒物人群的定期体检资料进行流行病学调查。结果接触苯及苯系物人群的主要疾病谱为神经衰弱综合征、白细胞减少、骨骼关节疾病、慢性职业中毒、皮炎、贫血和妇科疾病,其患病率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且各疾病的患病率随工龄增加呈增高趋势。结论长期接触低浓度苯及苯系物可对作业工人产生慢性损害,尤其对神经系统和血液系统的损害。
OBJECTIVE To understand the status of disease spectrum of workers exposed to low concentrations of benzene and benzene series for a long time to carry out targeted preventive health care work. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the epidemiological data of 1 217 regular workers exposed to benzene and benzene series workers and 751 non-contact poisonous persons in the same area. Results The main disease spectrum of people exposed to benzene and benzene series were neurasthenic syndrome, leukopenia, skeletal and joint diseases, chronic occupational poisoning, dermatitis, anemia and gynecological diseases, the prevalence was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the prevalence of each disease increased with the increase of seniority. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to low concentrations of benzene and benzene compounds can cause chronic injury to workers, especially to the nervous system and blood system.