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In 2014,Europe was embroiled in both intal and extal crises.Economic growth was lower than expected and the democratic and welfare systems,considered reducers of social pressure, were overwhelmed.This gave rise to the continuous growth of ultra-right and ultra-left forces,which challenged the traditional rules of democracy and its functioning.Crisis broke out unexpectedly in Ukraine,and went from bad to worse,and extal risks such as IS and the Ebola epidemic continued to ferment,adding further pressure on Europe.