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本文利用模拟土柱试验研究了施用石灰和石膏对第四纪红粘土发育的红壤中元素淋溶过程的影响。结果表明，施用石灰后１０ｃｍ土层中除Ｃａ２＋以外的阳离子元素的淋失量减少，而ＳＯ2-4；一和ＨＣＯ-３的淋失量增加；施用石膏后１０ｃｍ土层中所有阳离子元素、特别是Ａｌ３＋的淋失量增加。红壤中Ｃａ２＋的淋失以自由态为主，施用石膏后与ＳＯ２－４结合的比例增加。不同处理中 ３０ｃｍ土层处铝的淋失以自由态为主； １０ｃｍ土层处铝的淋失在石灰处理中以羟基铝为主，在石膏处理中初期与ＳＯ２－４结合的比例增加，后期主要以自由态淋失。除了施用石灰的表层红壤溶液中羟基铝比例增加外，在所有的亚表层红壤溶液中以及施用石膏的表层红壤溶液中与ＳＯ２－４结合的铝比例增加。
In this paper, the effects of lime and gypsum on leaching process of elements in red soils developed from Quaternary red clay were studied by simulated soil column test. The results showed that the amount of leaching of cation elements other than Ca2 + in 10 cm soil layer decreased and the leaching amount of SO2-4 and HCO-3 increased after lime application. All the cation elements in 10 cm soil layer after application of gypsum, especially Is the loss of Al3 + lean increase. The leaching of Ca2 + in red soil was dominated by free state, and the proportion of binding to SO2-4 increased after application of gypsum. The leaching loss of aluminum in the 30 cm soil layer in different treatments was dominated by free state. The leaching of aluminum in the 10 cm soil layer was dominated by hydroxy aluminum in the lime treatment and increased in the early stage of gypsum treatment. Leaving mainly in a free state. The proportion of aluminum bound to SO2-4 increased in all sub-surface red soil solutions as well as in the surface red soil solution to which gypsum was applied, except that the proportion of aluminum hydroxy-aluminum in the surface red soil solution to which lime was applied was increased.