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经对建国以来,克字号小麦品种,在黑龙江省的更替研究初步明确,其主要农艺性状:株粒重、株粒数、主穗粒重、主穗小穗数、千粒重等都有增加,株高明显降低。这与30余年间,全省小麦平均亩产由五十年代的109.3斤,增加到八十年代初期的250斤的增长趋势是一致的。但是也同时看到在品种更替过程中,子粒蛋白质的含量在下降,八十年代初期推广品种的子粒蛋白质含量比五十年代品种下降了1.8%;蛋白质含量与主要产量性状之间呈显著负相关。在今后的小麦育种工作中,应当加强必要的品质分析、测试手段,做到产量与品质并重。如何做到产量与品质的同步改进,是值得进一步探讨的重要问题。
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the crosses of K-type wheat cultivars in Heilongjiang province have been initially clarified. The main agronomic traits such as grain weight per plant, number of grains per plant, grain weight of main ear, number of spikelets per head, High significantly lower. This is consistent with the trend of increasing the average yield of wheat across the province from 109.3 kg in the 1950s to 250 kg in the early 1980s over the past 30 years. At the same time, however, we also observed that the grain protein content decreased during the variety alternation. In the early 1980s, the grain protein content of the introduced varieties decreased by 1.8% compared with that of the 1950s. There was a significant negative correlation between the protein content and the main yield traits . In the future work of wheat breeding, the necessary quality analysis and testing methods should be strengthened so as to achieve both yield and quality. How to achieve the simultaneous improvement of production and quality is an important issue worth further exploration.