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岛崎藤村一直被作为自然主义作家进行评价,很多学者将它的代表作《破戒》定义为自然主义文学的第一部作品,代表着自然主义文学的确立。日本著名的自然主义文学评论家岛村抱月评价这部作品:“《破戒》的确是我们文坛上近来的新收获。我不禁深深感到,小说界得此一篇,方达到一个更新的转折点。”的确如此《破戒》给当时的文坛带来一股清新自然之风,使整个文坛为之一震。但是笔者认为《破戒》中或许是含有许多自然主义的成分,但更多地表现出了现实主义文学的特征。本文将从自然主义、现实主义的定义出发与作品内容相结合来证明《破戒》绝不是单纯的自然主义文学的产物,并试论这部作品当时被全面定义为自然主义作品的原因。
Shimazaki Fujimura has been evaluated as a naturalistic writer. Many scholars define its representative “breaking the tongue” as the first work of naturalistic literature and represent the establishment of naturalistic literature. Shimamura, a well-known naturalistic literary critic in Japan, commented on this work: “The” precept “is indeed a new harvest in our literary world. I can not help but feel deeply that the novelist got this article and reached an updated Turning point. ”Indeed, such a“ breaking point ”brought a refreshing and natural style to the literary world at that time, which shocked the entire literary world. However, I think there may be many naturalistic elements in the “Rompuy”, but the features of the realist literature are more expressed. This article, combining the content of naturalism and realism with the content of the works, proves that the “breaking the ring” is by no means the product of purely naturalistic literature, and discusses the reason why this work was fully defined as a naturalistic work at that time.