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嗜酸粒细胞性中耳炎(eosinophilic otitis media,EOM)是一种少见的、难治的特殊类型中耳炎。其主要临床特点为中耳大量黄色粘稠分泌物,分泌物病理学和细胞学检查可见大量嗜酸粒细胞浸润。此类中耳炎患者常伴发支气管哮喘,一些患者同时患有鼻窦炎和(或)鼻息肉病;患者往往对常规中耳炎治疗措施效果欠佳。EOM比普通类型中耳炎对人类健康危害更大,少数患者可突然发生重度感音神经性耳聋,更易造成骨导听力损害等。在我国2012年中耳炎临床分类和手术分型指南中尚未提及。本文主要结合文献对EOM的临床特征、诊断及治疗进行较详细的描述,以期引起临床医师对此病的重视,早期对此类患者做出正确诊断和治疗,提高患者生活质量。
Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) is a rare and refractory type of otitis media. Its main clinical feature is a large number of yellow thick secretions of the middle ear, secretions pathology and cytology can be seen a large number of eosinophil infiltration. Such otitis media patients often have bronchial asthma, some patients also suffer from sinusitis and / or nasal polyposis; and patients are often ineffective with conventional otitis media. EOM than the general type of otitis media more harmful to human health, a small number of patients with sudden onset of severe sensorineural deafness, more likely to cause bone conduction hearing impairment and so on. In our country 2012 otitis media clinical classification and surgical classification guidelines have not yet mentioned. This article mainly combines the literature on the clinical features of EOM, diagnosis and treatment are described in more detail in order to cause clinicians to pay attention to the disease, early diagnosis and treatment of such patients to make the right to improve the quality of life of patients.