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感染性疾病是新生儿时期重要的疾病之一，也是导致新生儿死亡的主要原因。近年来，随着新型检测手段的发展，突显以家庭为中心的医疗护理理念和改善新生儿重症监护病房访问政策，新生儿呼吸道病毒感染受到更广泛的关注。新生儿呼吸道病毒感染具有临床特征不典型、易混合细菌感染、检测阳性率低且多数无特异性治疗等特点，重症感染可引起近远期并发症甚至导致死亡。因此，早期识别呼吸道病毒感染，防控其在新生儿病房的播散十分重要。本文将从新生儿呼吸道病毒感染的易感因素、常见病原体、检测手段及管理防控这4个方面进行阐述。“,”Infection is one of the most serious diseases during the neonatal period and the leading cause of neonatal death.Early virus detection is particularly important in the vulnerable infants hospitalized in modern, family centered NICUs.These units bear increasing risks of virus transmission as they provide kangaroo care, 24 hour visiting policies, and are not only open to parents and siblings, but do also encourage their involvement.Due to the atypical clinical features, susceptibility to mixed viral-bacterial infection, lower positive rate of detection, non-specific treatment options, and causing short-term as well as long-term complications or even death if the infection is severe.Thus, it is very important to recognize respiratory virus infection early to prevent and control its spread in neonatal wards.This article aimed to elaborate the susceptibility factors, common pathogens, detection methods and the management of prevention, and control of neonatal respiratory virus infection.