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运用车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,建立三大件式转向架货车与轨道结构耦合动力学模型,详细考虑货车系统非线性特性,包括轮轨接触非线性、轴箱间隙非线性、楔块干摩擦非线性及转向架抗菱刚度非线性等。以我国广泛运用的转8A转向架货车为例,从理论上分析货车的横向非线性运动稳定性。结果表明,空车蛇行失稳临界速度仅为78 km/h。实车运行试验的结果表明,当该型货车空车以75 km/h速度在直线轨道上运行时,车体表现出剧烈的横向蛇行运动现象,蛇行运动主频为2.69 Hz,蛇行波长为7.745 m。
Based on the theory of vehicle-rail coupling dynamics, a coupled dynamic model of truck and track structure of three-piece bogie is established. The nonlinear characteristics of the truck system are considered in detail, including the non-linearity of wheel and rail contact, the nonlinearity of axlebox clearance and the dry friction of wedges Non-linear and bogie anti-diamond stiffness nonlinearity. Taking the Zhuan 8A bogie truck widely used in our country as an example, the transverse nonlinear motion stability of the truck is theoretically analyzed. The results show that the critical speed of the wagon instability is only 78 km / h. The actual vehicle running test results show that when the type of empty car running at 75 km / h on a linear track, the car body showed violent lateral meandering movement, meandering mean frequency of 2.69 Hz, meandering wavelength of 7.745 m.