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免疫表型对白血病的预后判断有重要意义。目前临床宜选用一些与细胞分化阶段有明确关系的、代表某些形态学特征的抗原进行免疫分型,可补充FAB分型的不足,还可确定形态学不能或很难区分的白血病类型。通过免疫表型检测和计分可明确双表型白血病和未分化白血病的诊断。某些特异的抗原与特异的细胞遗传学以及分子水平异常有关,决定了白血病的恶性行为及对治疗的反应。用多参数流式细胞术可同时检测2个或更多的抗原,数种抗原组合可用来检测微小残留病,提高检测的准确性,在患者初诊时即对其各白血病细胞亚群进行表型分析,为以后的微小残留病监测提供依据,才具有预测复发的价值。
The immunophenotype is important for the prognosis of leukemia. At present, it is advisable to use immunophenotypes that are representative of certain morphological features in order to supplement the FAB classification, and to determine the type of leukemia that cannot be or can not be distinguished by morphology. The diagnosis of diphenotypic leukemia and undifferentiated leukemia can be confirmed by immunophenotyping and scoring. Certain specific antigens are associated with specific cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities that determine the malignant behavior of leukemia and its response to treatment. Two or more antigens can be detected simultaneously using multiparameter flow cytometry. Several antigen combinations can be used to detect minimal residual disease, improve the accuracy of detection, and phenotype the leukemia subpopulation at the time of initial diagnosis. The analysis provides a basis for the monitoring of minor residual disease in the future, and it has the value of predicting recurrence.