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尽管排放法规愈来愈严格,柴油货车的用户和车主不断要求每台新一代发动机要比前一代更经济。这对子大部分是每缸1～2L等级的货车尤为重要。在新型发动机设计中表现为要求减少摩擦和提高结构刚度,同时燃油系统要提高耐压能力和回油率、改变喷油率形状和采用先进的控制手段等特征。对燃油系统的这些要求导致各种新喷油系统的问世。为了追求高喷油压力,这些燃油系统已对发动机,尤其对气缸盖和燃油系统驱动提出更高的要求,这往往对燃烧和喷油系统的机械噪声起到负面作用。文中对NO_X、颗粒和燃油经济性之间的矛盾以及人们对燃烧系统、喷油系统和噪声的要求进行了评定。同时还对开发研制中的各种喷油系统及其对发动机噪声级及音质的影响进行了探讨。
Despite the increasingly stringent emission regulations, users and owners of diesel trucks continue to demand that each new generation of engines be more economical than the previous generation. This pair of sub-most of the cylinder 1 ~ 2L grade truck is particularly important. The new engine design is characterized by the requirement of reducing friction and increasing the structural rigidity, while the fuel system needs to improve the pressure resistance and oil return rate, change the shape of fuel injection rate, and adopt advanced control measures. These demands on the fuel system have led to the advent of various new fuel injection systems. In pursuit of high fuel injection pressures, these fuel systems have placed higher demands on the engine, and in particular on the cylinder heads and fuel system drives, which often have a negative effect on the mechanical noise of combustion and injection systems. In the paper, the contradiction between NO_X, particle and fuel economy and the requirements of combustion system, fuel injection system and noise were evaluated. At the same time, the development of various fuel injection system and its impact on engine noise level and sound quality are also discussed.