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采用水培试验,研究了在两种供钾水平(K,0.5mmolL-1和5.0mmolL-1)条件下4个不同籽粒苋品种植株体内矿质营养元素的含量及其变化。同时,还在低钾条件下,测定了不同籽粒苋品种根、茎、叶中矿质营养成分的含量和构成情况,结果表明:(1)籽粒苋各品种氮、钾含量随着供钾水平降低而减少,一般基因型氮钾含量降幅大于富钾基因型;在相同供钾水平条件下,富钾基因型的氮钾含量均高于一般基因型,而相同基因型的不同品种间氮钾含量则相近。籽粒苋各品种氮主要分布在根和叶中,其次是茎;磷大量分布在根,其次是叶,再次是茎;钾主要存在于茎中,根和叶次之。(2)籽粒苋钙、镁、硫含量随着供钾水平的升高而降低,富钾基因型镁、硫含量低于一般基因型。籽粒苋不同品种的钙、镁主要分布在叶片中,其次是茎和根;硫在根中的分布最少,叶中最多。(3)不同品种B、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn等微量元素含量随着供钾水平的降低而升高,灰分含量则降低。富钾基因型B、Fe、Zn及灰分含量都高于一般基因型,而Cu的含量则是一般基因型高于富钾基因型。4个籽粒苋品种的硼、铜主要存在于叶片中,其次是根,茎含量相对前两者要小;铁、锰、锌在根的含量最高,叶片次之,茎最低,根系中铁的含量分别是叶和茎的7倍左右和10倍以上。
The hydroponic experiments were conducted to study the content and changes of mineral nutrients in four different amaranth cultivars at two potassium levels (K, 0.5 mmol L -1 and 5.0 mmol L -1). At the same time, the content and composition of mineral nutrients in roots, stems and leaves of different amaranth varieties were also measured under the condition of low potassium. The results showed that: (1) The contents of nitrogen and potassium in the varieties of amaranth were decreased with the supply of potassium But the genotypic nitrogen and potassium content decreased more than that of potassium-rich genotype. Under the same level of potassium supply, the content of nitrogen and potassium in potassium-enriched genotype was higher than genotype, but the content of nitrogen and potassium in different genotypes with the same genotype Is similar. The nitrogen of grain amaranth was mainly distributed in roots and leaves, followed by stems. Phosphorus was mainly distributed in roots, followed by leaves and again in stems. Potassium was mainly present in stems, followed by roots and leaves. (2) The content of calcium, magnesium and sulfur in the grain amaranth decreased with the increase of potassium supply, and the content of magnesium and sulfur in the potassium-rich genotype was lower than the general genotype. Different varieties of grain amaranth calcium and magnesium are mainly distributed in the leaves, followed by the stems and roots; sulfur in the roots of the least distributed in the leaves. (3) The contents of trace elements such as B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn increased with the decrease of potassium supply and the content of ash decreased. Potassium-rich genotype B, Fe, Zn and ash content were higher than the average genotype, while the Cu content is generally genotype higher than potassium-rich genotype. The contents of boron, copper in four grain amaranth varieties were mainly in leaves, followed by roots and stems, while the contents of iron, manganese and zinc were the highest in roots, followed by leaves and lowest in stems. Leaves and stems are about 7 times and 10 times more.