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目的分析上海市闵行区某学校1起诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发疫情的流行特征、流行因素,为制定诺如病毒感染性腹泻防控措施提供依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,对病例进行回顾性调查,运用描述性流行病学方法对暴发疫情数据和各种因素进行分析。结果某班级45名学生中共有32位学生出现呕吐症状,罹患率为71.11%,男生、女生罹患率分别为77.27%和65.22%。病例均出现呕吐症状;出现恶心28人,占87.50%;腹痛14例,占43.75%;腹泻3例,占9.38%;体温≥38℃5例,占15.63%。18名患病学生、某熟食店1名工作人员及卤菜汁检出到诺如病毒阳性。结论该次事件为1起由受到诺如病毒感染的首发病例学生,将疫情引入学校而引起的诺如病毒感染性呕吐暴发疫情;应加强对首发病例的管理,规范处置其呕吐物,控制疫情的蔓延。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and epidemic factors of a Norovirus infectious diarrhea outbreak in a school in Minhang District, Shanghai, and provide a basis for the prevention and control measures of norovirus infectious diarrhea. Methods A field epidemiological survey method was used to investigate the cases retrospectively and analyze the outbreak data and various factors by means of descriptive epidemiology. Results Thirty-two pupils in a class had vomiting. The prevalence was 71.11%. The prevalence rates of boys and girls were 77.27% and 65.22% respectively. There were 28 cases of nausea, accounting for 87.50%; 14 cases of abdominal pain, accounting for 43.75%; 3 cases of diarrhea, accounting for 9.38%; 5 cases of body temperature≥38 ℃, accounting for 15.63%. 18 sick students, a deli staff and Lu Cai juice detected to Norovirus positive. Conclusions The incident was one case of the first case infected by norovirus infection. Outbreaks of norovirus infectious vomiting caused by the outbreak were introduced into the school. The management of the first case should be strengthened, the vomit should be regulated and the epidemic should be controlled The spread.