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唾液是唾液腺分泌的消化液,是无色、无味,近于中性(pH6.6～7.1)的低渗液体.成人每日分泌的唾液约1～1.5升,其中水份约占99%.唾液中的有机物主要为粘蛋白,此外,还含有唾液淀粉酶、球蛋白、氨基酸、溶菌酶、尿素、尿酸等,无机物有氯化物、磷酸盐、碳酸盐、硫氰酸盐等;无机离子主要有Na~+、K~+、Cl~-、Ca~(2+)等,这些都是对人体有益的物质.需要说明的是唾液的成分可因食物性质不同而异,人长期吃多量糖类食物,唾液中淀粉酶的浓度也随着增高.
Saliva is digestive juice secreted by the salivary glands and is a colorless, odorless and nearly neutral (pH6.6 ~ 7.1) hypoosmotic liquid, with about 1-1.5 liters of saliva secreted daily by adults, of which about 99% is water. Saliva organic matter mainly mucin, in addition, it also contains saliva amylase, globulin, amino acids, lysozyme, urea, uric acid, inorganic chloride, phosphate, carbonate, thiocyanate, etc .; inorganic Ions are mainly Na ~ +, K ~ +, Cl ~ -, Ca ~ (2+), which are beneficial to human body material. It should be noted that the composition of saliva may vary due to the nature of food, people eat for a long time A large amount of carbohydrates, saliva amylase concentration also increased.