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选择原产中国的98份亚洲栽培稻和125份普通野生稻为材料,对叶绿体中atpA序列、rps16内含子序列、trnP-rp l33间隔区、trnG-trnfM序列、trnT-trnL间隔区序列的5段高突变序列进行测序,利用生物信息学方法进行比对分析,绘制Network网络图,构建系统发育树。结果表明,普通野生稻的Indel和SNP数目均比亚洲栽培稻多,序列多样性丰富;基于单倍型的Network网络图和系统发育树可将所有参试材料归为3个类群,类群I主要为粳稻与普通野生稻,类群II主要为籼稻,类群III主要为普通野生稻,而类群II和类群III亲缘关系较近,提示粳、籼两个亚种可能由偏粳、偏籼的普通野生稻分别进化而来,支持二次起源学说;所有与亚洲栽培稻亲缘关系较近的普通野生稻均来源于华南地区,支持华南地区为我国亚洲栽培稻起源中心的论点。
A total of 98 Asian cultivated rice and 125 wild Oryza sativa cultivars native to China were selected to study the relationships among atpA sequence, rps16 intron, trnP-rp l33 spacer, trnG-trnfM spacer, trnT-trnL spacer in chloroplast Sequencing the 5-segment high-mutation sequence, using bioinformatics methods for comparison and analysis, drawing Network network diagram and constructing phylogenetic tree. The results showed that there were more Indel and SNP in common wild rice than Asian cultivated rice, and the sequence diversity was rich. Based on the network diagram of haplotype and phylogenetic tree, all the tested materials could be classified into three groups, Is japonica rice and common wild rice, group II is mainly indica rice, group III is mainly wild rice, while group II is closely related to group III, suggesting that japonica and indica two subspecies may be partial japonica, indica common wild Rice evolved separately to support the theory of the second origin; all common wild rice that has a close genetic relationship with Asian cultivated rice originated from southern China, and supported the argument that southern China is the origin center of Asian cultivated rice in China.