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目的:探讨下颌低位水平阻生第三磨牙的最佳拔除方法。方法:将下颌低位水平阻生第三磨牙病例235例随机分为三组,分别采用舌向脱位法、劈牙法、涡轮钻磨牙去骨法拔除患牙,统计平均拔牙时间和拔牙后并发症。结果:舌向脱位法手术时间最短,但舌侧骨板厚的低位水平阻生病例易并发出血和感染;劈牙法手术时间最长,术后易并发肿胀、疼痛、出血和张口受限;涡轮钻磨牙去骨法手术时间可控,术后并发症少且轻。结论:对于舌侧骨板薄的低位水平阻生第三磨牙病例,用舌向脱位法,简单、创伤小;对于舌侧骨板厚的病例,用涡轮牙钻磨牙去骨法,并发症少。
Objective: To explore the best extraction method of impacted mandibular third molars. Methods: Two hundred and thirteen cases of impacted mandibular third molar were randomly divided into three groups. Tongue dislocation, cleaved tooth and turbine drill were used respectively to remove the affected teeth. The average extraction time and complications after extraction were recorded. Results: The operation time of lingual dislocation was the shortest, but the low level of lingual plateau was easy to develop hemorrhage and infection. The maxillofacial surgery time was the longest, the swelling and pain were easily accompanied by hemorrhage and mouth opening. Turbine molar teeth surgery time controllable, less postoperative complications and light. CONCLUSIONS: For the third lower molar level impacted on the lingual bone, the lingual dislocation method is simple and less traumatic. For the cases with thick lingual bone, the turbid teeth are used to debride the bone with fewer complications.