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哈耶克在其心智理论中区分了现象秩序和物理秩序,对此约翰·格雷做了康德主义的解释。然而哈耶克的论题并不直接得自康德,而来自对马赫的反叛。在哈耶克看来,马赫的感觉要素一元论和心物平行论具有还原主义倾向,即把心理科学还原成了物理科学,为此哈耶克在区分两种秩序的基础上重新解释了心理学的任务。就此而言,格雷使用物自身这样的康德式术语来解释哈耶克、并对之做出不可知论引申的做法是不合适的。
Hayek divided the order of phenomena and the order of things in his theory of mind, to which John Gray made a Kantian explanation. However, Hayek’s thesis did not come directly from Kant but from the rebellion against Mach. In Hayek’s view, Mach’s sensory element monism and psychophysical parallelism have the tendency toward reductionism, that is, the reduction of psychology to physical science, for which Hayek reinterprets psychology on the basis of the distinction between the two kinds of order The task. In this regard, it is inappropriate for Gray to interpret Hayek in such Kantistic terms as himself, and make an agnostic extension to it.