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目的分析舞钢市一起中学水痘爆发疫情的流行病学特征,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法采用《水痘个案调查表》用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果2007年12月4日至2008年1月2日,舞钢市第三中学发生一起水痘爆发疫情,历时22 d,共报告病例81例,平均罹患率6.81%。发病有两个高峰时间;病例年龄11岁至16岁,其中12~13岁病例占56.79%;男女性别比为1:1.25.病例均无水痘疫苗免疫史。首例病人无明确的流行病学接触史。结论加强学校传染病疫情报告的管理工作和对中小学生水痘疫苗接种工作,是控制中小学校水痘爆发的主要措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox outbreak in a high school in Wugang and to provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods The “chickenpox case questionnaire” was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results From December 4, 2007 to January 2, 2008, an outbreak of chickenpox occurred in the third middle school of Wugang City, which lasted 22 days. A total of 81 cases were reported, with an average attack rate of 6.81%. Incidence of two peak time; case age 11 to 16 years old, of which 12 to 13 years old cases accounted for 56.79%; male to female sex ratio was 1: 1.25. No cases of varicella vaccine immunization history. The first patient did not have a clear history of epidemiological exposure. Conclusion The management of school infectious disease outbreak reports and vaccination of primary and secondary school students with chickenpox are the main measures to control the outbreak of chickenpox in primary and secondary schools.