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目的 :研究HIV 1协同受体CXCR4、CCR5及CXCR4的特异性配体SDF 1在人胎盘组织的表达 ,探索HIV 1子宫内垂直传播的分子机制。方法 :半定量RT PCR检测早、中、晚孕期胎盘及早孕滋养细胞CXCR4、CCR5mRNA水平 ;免疫组化和免疫细胞化学检测早孕胎盘及原代培养滋养细胞CXCR4、CCR5蛋白表达 ;原位杂交及免疫组化分析SDF 1在早孕胎盘的表达 ;ELISA测定滋养细胞SDF 1的动态分泌水平。结果 :各孕期胎盘表达CXCR4及CCR5mRNA ;CXCR4蛋白定位于滋养细胞 ,而CCR5蛋白定位于绒毛基质中。滋养细胞可转录并翻译SDF 1,且能分泌可溶性SDF 1。结论 :滋养细胞同时表达CXCR4及SDF 1,SDF 1可能通过降调CXCR4而拮抗X4 HIV 1感染胎儿细胞 ;R5 HIV 1或许能通过滋养层裂隙感染CCR5 + 基质细胞和 或Hofbauer细胞 ,从而发生子宫内垂直传播。
Objective: To investigate the expression of CXCR4, CCR5 and CXCR4, a specific ligand for HIV 1, in human placenta and to explore the molecular mechanism of HIV 1 intrauterine vertical transmission. Methods: The mRNA levels of CXCR4 and CCR5 in placenta and gestational trophoblasts in early, middle and late pregnancy were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of CXCR4 and CCR5 in placenta and primary cultured trophoblasts were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry. The expression of SDF 1 in placenta of early pregnancy was analyzed by histochemistry. The dynamic secretion of SDF 1 was assayed by ELISA. Results: The placenta of each pregnancy expressed CXCR4 and CCR5 mRNA; CXCR4 protein localized in trophoblasts while CCR5 protein localized in villous stroma. Trophoblast transcription and translation SDF 1, and can secrete soluble SDF 1. CONCLUSION: Trophoblast cells express both CXCR4 and SDF-1, and SDF-1 may antagonize X4-HIV-1-infected fetal cells by down-regulating CXCR4. R5 HIV-1 may be infected by CCR5 + stromal cells and / or Hofbauer cells through trophoblast fissures, Spread vertically.