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羊水栓塞(amniotic fluid embolism,AFE)是产科发生的一种急症,它是指大量羊水进入母体血循环后继发引起患者肺栓塞、休克、弥散性血管内凝血(disseminated intravascular coagulation,DIC)的一个综合征。由于其较为罕见,发生迅速、凶险,病生理机制复杂,加之临床医生一般对它缺乏足够的认识,往往不能及时做出处理,因此继发的母婴死亡率很高。羊水栓塞最初报道于1926年,从发现到20世纪60年代几乎在治疗上没有进展,故被认为是不可预料、不可预防的疾病。20世纪70—80年代以后,由于对DIC的病理生理有了进一步深入的了解以及肝素的应用使得在治疗上有了新的突破,
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is an obstetric emergency that refers to a syndrome that causes pulmonary embolism, shock, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) secondary to massive amniotic fluid entering the maternal circulation . Because of its relatively rare, rapid, dangerous, complex physiological and psychological mechanisms, coupled with clinicians generally lack of knowledge of it, often can not be dealt with in time, so secondary to high maternal and infant mortality. Amniotic fluid embolism was first reported in 1926, and from treatment to discovery it was almost untreated in the 1960s, it was considered an unpredictable and unpredictable disease. Since the 1970s and 1980s, due to the further understanding of the pathophysiology of DIC and the application of heparin, new breakthroughs have been made in the treatment.