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近年来,以哈金为代表的新实验主义开始关注科学实验中的实践活动本身,开辟了科学哲学界新的研究进路。同时,以伽里森为首的一些科学史家也将目光投向了实验过程和科学实践。本文从伽里森和哈金的两部代表作:《实验如何终结》(How Experiments End)与《表象与介入》(Representing and Intervening)出发,着重分析两者对科学实验实践中实验的独立性、稳定性、情境性与实在性及实验与理论之间的相互作用的研究成果,并探讨了两者科学实验思想的异同之处。
In recent years, the new experimentalism represented by Harkin began to pay attention to the practical activities in scientific experiments, opening up a new research path in philosophy of science. At the same time, some historians of science led by Galison also turned their attention to the experimental process and scientific practice. This article starts with two major works by Galison and Harkin: How Experiments End and Representing and Intervening, focusing on the independence of the two experiments in scientific experiments, Stability, situational and reality, and the interaction between experiment and theory, and discuss the similarities and differences between the two scientific experiments.