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采用室内模拟方法,分析了不同浓度BDE-209处理对土壤微生物磷脂脂肪酸(Phospholipid fatty acids,PLFAs)组成、含量、微生物群落结构和多样性的影响。结果表明,不同浓度BDE-209胁迫下土壤微生物包括内标19∶0在内,共检测出20种磷脂脂肪酸,土壤微生物群落PLFAs种类较丰富,PLFAs组成以饱和脂肪酸为主,其中脂肪酸16∶0含量最高,单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、支链脂肪酸和环丙烷脂肪酸含量较少。不同浓度BDE-209会改变微生物的组成与含量,与对照(CK)相比,1.0 mg·kg-1处理可将不同种类PLFAs的增加或降低的程度分为3类,10 mg·kg-1和100 mg·kg-1处理的分为4类,增加程度最大的都是细菌。BDE-209对以PLFAs表征的土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌和总微生物量都有显著的影响,且真菌对BDE-209更敏感,细菌对BDE-209耐受更强,其中革兰氏阴性菌对BDE-209污染的响应较敏感,革兰氏阳性细菌更容易存活,而含16:1ω7t的微生物比含16:1ω7c的微生物抗逆性更强。主成分分析发现,对照、1.0、10 mg·kg-1处理和第一主成分呈显著正相关,100 mg·kg-1处理和第二主成分呈显著正相关,其中第一主成分以含16:0、18:0、18:1ω7t、18∶2ω6,9的微生物为优势种群,第二主成分以含i17:0、a15:0的微生物为优势种群。PLFAs表征的土壤微生物量和群落结构对BDE-209的响应敏感,可以作为BDE-209污染下指示土壤环境质量变化的有效生物指标。
The indoor simulation method was used to analyze the effects of different concentrations of BDE-209 on the composition, content, microbial community structure and diversity of soil microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). The results showed that 20 kinds of phospholipid fatty acids were detected in soil microbes including 19:03 internal standard under different concentrations of BDE-209. PLFAs were more abundant in soil microbial communities, with saturated fatty acids mainly composed of fatty acids 16:0 The highest content of monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, branched-chain fatty acids and cyclopropane fatty acids content is less. Different concentrations of BDE-209 changed the composition and content of microorganisms. Compared with control (CK), 1.0 mg · kg-1 treatment could classify the increase or decrease of different types of PLFAs into three groups, 10 mg · kg-1 And 100 mg · kg-1 treatment is divided into four categories, the largest increase are bacteria. BDE-209 has a significant effect on soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and total microbial biomass characterized by PLFAs, and fungi are more sensitive to BDE-209 and bacteria are more resistant to BDE-209, of which Gram-negative The bacteria were more responsive to BDE-209 contamination and Gram-positive bacteria were more likely to survive, while those containing 16: 1 ω7t were more resistant than those containing 16: 1ω7c. The principal component analysis found that the control, 1.0,10 mg · kg-1 treatment and the first principal component was positively correlated, 100 mg · kg-1 treatment and the second principal component was significantly positive correlation, the first principal component to contain 16: 0,18: 0,18: 1ω7t, 18: 2ω6,9 were the dominant species, and the second principal component was the dominant species with i17: 0 and a15: 0 microorganisms. The response of soil microbial biomass and community structure characterized by PLFAs to BDE-209 was sensitive and could be used as an effective biological indicator of soil environmental quality changes under the pollution of BDE-209.