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This paper analyzes the effect of changes in real exchange rate on manufacturing employment.Our theoretical model predicts the positive effect of depreciation of real exchange rate on employment through a firm's expectation on changes in real exchange rate and the interaction between real exchange rate and a firm's import and domestic input.Using China's manufacturing data during the 1980-2003 period,we find that depreciation of real exchange rate promotes employment growth in manufacturing industries,while change in real exchange rate is not a significant factor in promoting wage growth.We also find that an increase in export share offsets partially the effects of real exchange rate on employment and real wages.