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本文认为 ,马克思的哲学变革经过了两次方法论的提升。首先是以费尔巴哈的人本学辩证法为武器 ,批判改造了黑格尔哲学及其在当时的代言人青年黑格尔派 ,但这种仅是简单的主宾颠倒的方法未能达及深层次的社会历史领域。经过后来的历史学确证和经济学研究 ,马克思以一定历史条件下的社会关系与物质生产等范畴建构起了科学的、革命的历史辩证法 ,从而实现了从历史唯物主义的深层视域对资本主义进行批判改造 ,并对未来社会作了科学预见。长期以来 ,这一建立在科学立场上的方法论视角被大大弱化了 ,传统思路对马克思哲学形成过程的线型解读及本体论化、体系化倾向在某种意义上是非法的
This article argues that Marx’s philosophical changes have undergone two methodological improvements. First of all, based on Feuerbach’s anthropological dialectics, he critiqued the transformation of Hegel’s philosophy and its then-spokesman, the youth Hegelians. However, this method of simply reversing the principle of a guest failed to reach deep Level of social and historical areas. After a later historical confirmation and economic research, Marx constructed a scientific and revolutionary historical dialectics from the perspectives of social relations and material production under certain historical conditions, thus realizing the transformation of capitalism from the historical materialism’s deeper perspective Make critical changes and make scientific predictions on the future society. For a long time, this methodological perspective, based on a scientific standpoint, has been greatly weakened. The traditional approach to the linear interpretation and ontologicalization of the formation process of Marxist philosophy is in some sense illegitimate