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鼻出血可以单纯由局部微小血管破裂引起,也可以是多种疾病的继发改变。有的患者出血量小,甚至以滴计数,有的患者则出血迅猛,短时间内导致休克;有的患者能够很快自己止血,也有的患者反复发作,经久不愈。目前,在我国广大乡村地区,由于病例相对分散和缺乏耳鼻咽喉科的专科医生,在遇到比较复杂或严重的鼻出血时,可能会不知所措而给予不恰当的处理。为此,特撰文,以提高基层医生对本病的诊治水平。建议基层医生在学习相关知识的基础上,重点掌握病情轻重缓急的判断、最常用的鼻腔填塞止血法和转诊指征。
Epistaxis can simply be caused by local rupture of small blood vessels, but also can be a secondary change in a variety of diseases. Some patients with small amounts of bleeding, or even the drop count, and some patients were bleeding rapidly, a short period of time lead to shock; some patients can quickly hemostasis, and some patients recurrent, prolonged unhealed. At present, in the vast rural areas of our country, due to the relatively scattered cases and lack of otolaryngology specialists, in the face of more complicated or serious epistaxis, they may be overwhelmed and given inappropriate treatment. To this end, special articles, to improve primary care doctors diagnosis and treatment of the disease. It is recommended that primary care doctors, on the basis of learning relevant knowledge, should give priority to judging the severity of the illness, and the most commonly used nasal packing hemostasis and referral indications.