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目的:探讨泻心汤配伍合理性及其可能机制。方法:运用正交设计探讨泻心汤各组分对小鼠的急性毒性作用及相互关系。结果:体内研究发现黄连、大黄对小鼠ig均有一定的急性毒性作用,测得其小鼠ig大黄的半数致死量(LD50)按生药计为48.92 g/kg;小鼠ig黄连的LD50按生药计为2 047.9 mg/kg;黄芩对小鼠无明显急性毒性作用,未测出其小鼠口服LD50。利用正交设计,以死亡率为指标观察泻心汤各组分对小鼠的急性毒性作用,结果显示:黄连是泻心汤中的主要有毒物质;大黄有降低黄连急性毒性作用的趋势,但作用明显弱于黄芩;黄芩可显著降低黄连的急性毒性,是泻心汤中的主要解毒物质,这可能是泻心汤在临床应用中表现出较小毒性的重要原因。结论:泻心汤中黄连具有一定的急性毒性,黄芩则是其解毒物质,该方的配伍从某种程度上达到了解毒的目的,具有良好的科学性,其解毒的机制可能与黄连中的生物碱能与黄芩苷或大黄蒽醌生成沉淀有关。
Objective: To explore the rationality of compatibility of Xiexin Decoction and its possible mechanism. Methods: Using orthogonal design to explore the acute toxicity of each component of Xiexin Decoction in mice and its relationship. Results: In vivo study found that Coptis chinensis and rhubarb on mice ig have some acute toxicity, measured in mice Ig rhubarb LD50 according to the crude drug as 48.92 g / kg; igihuan LD50 The crude drug count was 2 047.9 mg / kg. Scutellaria baicalensis had no obvious acute toxicity on mice, and the oral LD50 of mice was not detected. Orthogonal design was used to observe the acute toxic effects of various components of Xiexin Decoction on mice with mortality as an indicator. Coptis chinensis was the main toxic substance in Xiexin Decoction. Rhubarb had the tendency to reduce acute toxicity of Coptis chinensis, however, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi can significantly reduce the acute toxicity of Coptis chinensis, which is the main detoxification substance in Xiexin Tang, which may be the important reason that Xinshin Tang shows less toxicity in clinical application. Conclusion: Coptidis Rhizoma has certain acute toxicity, and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is its detoxification substance. The compatibility of this prescription has reached the goal of detoxification to a certain extent and has good scientific features. The mechanism of detoxification may be related to Alkaloids with baicalin or anthraquinone anthraquinone precipitation.