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前文已讨论了关于化学物在体内的代谢情况,今再就其他生化方面的有关问题与生物监测的关系,分别讨论之。 1.在特殊情况下排出被检化学物的量不是公认的接触水平 通常测定生物样品时,有时样品中的被检化学物可能不是新近接触的,或不是按预期排出的。显然,这些因素在任何特殊的个体分析中是不宜存在的。下列情况,应予考虑。 治疗用的药物,在体内往往可以动员已储存的或循环的化学物,故对生物监测的化学物来说将会产生令人怀疑的水平。例如,应用青霉胺治疗威尔逊氏病或精神分裂症或应用四乙秋兰姆化二硫(tetraethyl-thiuram disulfide)治疗醇中毒时,将引起铜的排泄量升高,但铜与其经常性的职业接触是没有关系的。因此,任
The foregoing has discussed the metabolism of chemicals in the body, and now the relationship between other biochemical aspects and biological monitoring, discussed separately. 1. In exceptional circumstances the amount of the test substance to be discharged is not an accepted level of exposure. Usually, when measuring a biological sample, the test chemical in the sample may not be newly contacted or discharged as expected. Obviously, these factors should not exist in any particular individual analysis. The following situations should be considered. Therapeutic drugs, which often mobilize stored or circulating chemicals in the body, will produce dubious levels of biological monitoring chemicals. For example, the administration of penicillamine to treat Wilson’s disease or schizophrenia or the treatment of alcoholism with tetraethyl-thiuram disulfide will result in an increase in copper excretion, but copper and its regular Occupation contact is not related. So, any