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目的:了解四川省基层医疗机构门诊处方用药情况,为指导基层医疗机构合理用药、降低门诊处方费用提供依据。方法:在四川第四次国家卫生服务调查的样本县(市、区)中随机选择一个乡镇/街道,对辖区内的一所社区卫生服务中心或乡镇/街道卫生院和进行家庭询问调查的2个样本行政村/居委会中的各一所社区卫生服务站或村卫生室的处方进行调查。结果:调查处方7737张,四类机构处方中平均中成药品种数为1种,西药品种数为3~4种,通用名药品比例、基本药物比例社区卫生服务站最高(分别为91.4%,97.7%);平均抗菌药数均为1种,联用抗菌药的比例和针剂使用率均以社区卫生服务中心最低(分别为16.9%、34.6%),乡镇卫生院平均针剂数为1种,其余均不到1种;四类机构前十位处方病种顺位不同,但上感、胃肠炎、慢阻肺在四类机构中均位于前五位,且上感均位居首位。结论:我省基层医疗机构门诊处方平均使用药物品种数较多,抗菌素使用率和针剂使用率较高,需加强基层医务人员合理用药技术培训,提高其业务素质。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the prescription medication in outpatients of primary medical institutions in Sichuan Province and provide the basis for guiding the rational use of drugs in primary medical institutions and reducing the out-patient prescription costs. Methods: A township / street was randomly selected in the sample counties (cities, districts) of the fourth national health service survey in Sichuan Province. A community health service center or township / street hospital in the area was investigated and the family inquiry survey was conducted 2 A sample of administrative villages / neighborhood committees in a community health service station or village clinics to investigate the prescription. Results: 7737 prescriptions were investigated. Among the four types of prescriptions, the average number of proprietary Chinese medicines was 1, the number of western medicines was 3 to 4, the proportion of generic medicines and the proportion of essential medicines were the highest (91.4% and 97.7% respectively) %). The average number of antibacterials was 1, and the proportion of antibacterials used and the dosage of injections were lowest in community health centers (16.9% and 34.6% respectively). The average number of injections in township hospitals was 1, and the rest All less than one; four institutions of the top ten prescribing diseases in different order, but the flu, gastroenteritis, COPD are located in the top four institutions in four categories, and the sense of the highest ranked first place. Conclusion: The average number of outpatient prescriptions used in primary medical institutions in our province is relatively large, the usage rate of antibiotics and the usage rate of injection are high, so it is necessary to strengthen the training of rational medical treatment for primary medical staff to improve their professional quality.