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关于苹果的遗传及育种,已有Magness,Kuckuck,Crane等及Zwintscher进行了汇总,并有Knight发表了至1960年苹果属和梨属的遗传和育种文献摘录。 1.概说因为苹果在一般栽培中是用营养繁殖,其品种是营养系,只要不发生体细胞突变,其品种特性或性状不发生遗传变异。因此,同一品种内的性状变化,广义上是对环境变化的适应,在果实方面也是这样。苹果栽培的目的,是在单位面积上多生产优质、市场价格高的果实,这对同一个品种是栽培技术问题。因此,在这里不涉及苹果因环境发生的变化,而主要是对遗传的变异加以说明。
For the genetic and breeding of apples, Magness, Kuckuck, Crane, and Zwintscher have been summarized and Knight has published excerpts from the genus and genus of apple and pear from 1960 to the present. 1. Overview Because Apple is used in general breeding vegetative propagation, the species is the Department of Nutrition, as long as no somatic mutation, the characteristics of traits or traits without genetic variation. Therefore, changes in traits within the same breed are broadly adapted to environmental changes, as are fruits. The purpose of apple cultivation is to produce more fruit of high quality and high market price in the unit area, which is a cultivation technical issue for the same variety. Therefore, here does not involve Apple due to environmental changes, but mainly to explain the genetic variation.