论文部分内容阅读
以蚯蚓消解牛粪产生的蚓粪为主要原料,与蛭石按照4:1体积比混合后添加氮肥和磷钾肥复混成育苗基质,通过温室大棚培育黄瓜幼苗,分析黄瓜幼苗生长发育特征。结果表明:与对照基质相比,蚓粪基质能显著增大黄瓜幼苗株高、叶片叶绿素、根长、根表面积、根干重、总干重,根冠比和壮苗指数;蚓粪基质中添加蛭石能够显著增加黄瓜幼苗叶片叶绿素、根长和壮苗指数;纯蚓粪基质中添加氮磷钾肥能显著增加黄瓜幼苗的根表面积和根冠比;蚓粪蛭石基质中添加氮磷钾肥显著增加黄瓜幼苗叶片叶绿素和根长。育苗后,蚓粪基质的有效氮、有效磷、有效钾和EC值显著高于对照基质,而pH显著小于对照基质。与以泥炭为主要原料的传统基质相比,蚓粪基质具有更大的酸碱缓冲能力,更有利于黄瓜幼苗发育。添加蛭石显著降低了蚓粪基质有效氮和有效磷含量,添加磷钾肥比添加氮肥更能增加蚓粪基质的EC值。蚓粪基质中较高的有效氮磷钾含量能够有效防止黄瓜幼苗发生营养障碍,0.5 kg/m~3尿素、10.0 kg/m~3过磷酸钙和1.0 kg/m~3硫酸钾添加到4:1体积比的蚓粪蛭石混合基质中最有利于黄瓜幼苗的壮苗形成。
The earthworm was used to digest vermicompost produced by cow manure as the main raw material. After mixed with vermiculite in the volume ratio of 4: 1, nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphorous-potassium fertilizer were added to form seedling matrix. The cucumber seedling was cultivated in greenhouse and the growth and development characteristics of cucumber seedlings were analyzed. The results showed that the media of vermicompost could significantly increase the plant height, chlorophyll, root length, root surface area, root dry weight, total dry weight, root / shoot ratio and seedling index of cucumber seedlings compared with the control substrate. The addition of vermiculite could significantly increase the chlorophyll, root length and seedling index of cucumber seedling leaves. Adding NPK fertilizers could increase the root surface area and root-crown ratio of cucumber seedlings significantly. Adding NPK fertilizers Significantly increased the chlorophyll and root length of cucumber seedling leaves. After nursery, the available N, available P, available K and EC of the vermicompost were significantly higher than that of the control and the pH was significantly lower than that of the control. Compared with the traditional substrate with peat as the main raw material, the vermicompost substrate has greater acid-base buffering capacity and is more conducive to the development of cucumber seedlings. The addition of vermiculite significantly reduced the contents of available nitrogen and available phosphorous in the vermicompost matrix. Adding phosphorus and potassium fertilizers increased the EC of vermicomite matrix more than adding nitrogen fertilizers. The higher effective N, P and K content in the vermicompost could effectively prevent the nutritional disorders of cucumber seedlings. 0.5 kg / m ~ 3 urea, 10.0 kg / m ~ 3 superphosphate and 1.0 kg / m ~ : 1 by volume of vermiculite vermiculite mixed matrix is most conducive to the formation of strong seedlings of cucumber seedlings.