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在中国,妊娠满28周至不足37周间分娩称为早产,分为自发性早产和治疗性早产两种。早产是导致新生儿致病及死亡的主要原因,即使存活亦常有神经智力发育缺陷。目前动物实验、体外实验及大样本随机对照试验证明,孕激素治疗(包括孕酮及人工合成孕激素)能减少早产风险。孕酮通过维持子宫静止状态和抑制宫颈成熟预防早产,维持妊娠。综述孕激素在自发性早产高危患者中的防治作用及其使用安全性。
In China, 28 weeks of pregnancy to less than 37 weeks of childbirth is called premature delivery, divided into two types of spontaneous preterm and therapeutic preterm birth. Premature delivery is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, even though there are often neurological defects in mental development. The current animal experiments, in vitro experiments and large sample randomized controlled trials proves that progesterone treatment (including progesterone and synthetic progestin) can reduce the risk of premature birth. Progesterone prevents prematurity by maintaining the resting state of the uterus and inhibiting cervical ripening, maintaining pregnancy. This article reviews the prevention and treatment of progestin in high risk patients with spontaneous preterm labor and its safety.