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安溪县是中国最大的铁观音主产区。“安溪铁观音茶文化系统”于2014年入选为“中国重要农业文化遗产”。安溪茶园经营方式主要分为有机茶园、生态茶园和非生态茶园三大类。本研究采用不同物理化学分析方法,对安溪县2处有机茶园、3处生态茶园和1处非生态茶园不同深度的土壤进行测定分析,比较不同类型茶园土壤性状及主要养分含量中的多项指标,为茶园合理地经营管理提供了科学依据。通过Duncan多重比较检验和t检验发现:在0-10cm土壤深度上,有机与生态、非生态茶园各土壤养分大部分指标差异性显著(P<0.05);在10-20cm土壤深度上,有机与非生态茶园的有机质和全氮差异性显著。此外,有机茶园不同深度土壤容重、孔隙度和相对含水量以及有机质、全氮和全磷对茶树生长非常有利;生态茶园0-10cm深度土壤各指标适宜,比较有利于茶树生长;非生态茶园在不同深度土壤中的各养分都较为缺乏,不利于茶树生长。研究结果表明:有机茶园和生态茶园土壤总体肥力优于非生态茶园,有机茶园的建设模式更适宜茶树生长。
Anxi County is China’s largest Tieguanyin main producing areas. “Anxi Tieguanyin Tea Culture System” was selected as “China’s Important Agricultural Heritage” in 2014. Anxi tea garden management is divided into organic tea garden, ecological tea garden and non-ecological tea garden three categories. In this study, different physico-chemical analysis methods were used to analyze and analyze the soil depth of two organic tea gardens, three ecological tea gardens and one non-ecological tea garden in Anxi County. The soil properties and the main nutrient contents in different types of tea gardens were compared. , Provided a scientific basis for the rational management of tea plantations. By Duncan multiple comparison test and t-test, it was found that there was significant difference (P <0.05) in most of soil nutrients in organic and non-ecological tea gardens at 0-10 cm soil depth; Non-ecological tea garden organic matter and total nitrogen significant difference. In addition, the soil bulk density, porosity and relative water content as well as organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus at different depths in organic tea gardens are very beneficial to the growth of tea plants. The indexes of 0-10 cm depth soil in ecological tea plantations are suitable and more conducive to the growth of tea plants. Non- Different depths of soil nutrients are more scarce, is not conducive to the growth of tea trees. The results showed that the overall soil fertility of organic tea plantation and ecological tea plantation was better than non-ecological tea plantation, and the construction mode of organic tea plantation was more suitable for the growth of tea plant.