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超声多普勒作为围产儿监护手段广泛应用于临床,但是,对胎儿血流速度波形的血液动力学机制知之甚少。血流电环路模型分析了脐动脉搏动指数(PI)与胎盘阻力之间的关系;血管分枝、分级理论阐明了胎盘各种不同的病理情况下,可以出现不同的脐动脉PI值;血流灌注阻抗的概念论述了除血管阻力以外,其它因素对血流PI的影响。本文旨在帮助临床产科医生对胎儿多普勒指标的认识和理解。
Ultrasound Doppler is widely used as a method of perinatal monitoring, but little is known about the hemodynamic mechanism of fetal blood flow velocity waveforms. The relationship between umbilical artery pulsatility index (PI) and placental resistance was analyzed by the model of blood flow circuit. The theory of blood vessel branching and grading clarified that different umbilical artery PI values could be found under different pathological conditions of the placenta. The concept of flow perfusion impedance discusses the effects of other factors on blood flow PI, in addition to vascular resistance. This article aims to help clinical obstetricians understand and understand fetal Doppler parameters.