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目的为临床腘腓韧带损伤的诊治提供解剖学基础。方法对61侧成人膝关节标本进行解剖,观察腘腓韧带形态及与周围结构关系。结果腘腓韧带出现恒定,位于腘肌腱与腓骨头之间。88.5%(54)的腘腓韧带为明显增厚的韧带,前宽后窄;11.5%(7)则呈筋膜形态。腘腓韧带前缘长(10.47±2.38)mm,后缘长(6.24±1.71)mm,宽(8.90±3.12)mm,厚(1.23±0.48)mm。其与腘肌腱的夹角为(120.2±15.2)°,距腓侧副韧带距离为(9.67±3.87)mm。结论腘腓韧带是组成膝关节后外侧重要结构之一,但其形态变异较大;了解其解剖特点,对腘腓韧带损伤诊断及解剖重建有重要意义。
Objective To provide anatomical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical popliteal ligament injury. Methods Sixty-one adult knee specimens were dissected to observe the relationship between popliteal ligament morphology and the surrounding structures. Results The popliteal ligament appeared constant, between the tendon and the fibula head. 88.5% (54) of the popliteal ligament is a significantly thickening of the ligament, wide and narrow after the front; 11.5% (7) was fascia. The front of the popliteal ligament was (10.47 ± 2.38) mm in length with a long trailing edge of 6.24 ± 1.71 mm, a width of 8.90 ± 3.12 mm and a thickness of 1.23 ± 0.48 mm. The angle between the tendon and the tendon was (120.2 ± 15.2) °, and the distance to the fibular collateral ligament was (9.67 ± 3.87) mm. Conclusions The popliteal ligament is one of the important lateral structures of the posterior knee joint, but its morphological variation is quite large. Understanding the anatomic features of the popliteal ligament is important for the diagnosis and anatomy and reconstruction of the popliteal ligament injury.